Oaxaca is one of Mexico’s most captivating destinations, known for its vibrant markets, colorful colonial streets, rich Indigenous heritage, and arguably the best food scene in the country. From sipping smoky mezcal to exploring ancient Zapotec ruins and immersing in local festivals, it’s a place where culture runs deep and every street feels like a living museum. But for many travelers, a lack of preparation or cultural understanding can lead to awkward moments or missed opportunities in this incredibly layered region.
Visiting Oaxaca isn’t like visiting Cancun or Tulum. While it’s welcoming to tourists, it remains proudly rooted in its traditions, Indigenous languages, and community-focused way of life. Simple missteps—like mishandling bargaining etiquette at markets or underestimating altitude changes—can impact your comfort, safety, and connection with locals. Knowing what not to do is just as important as knowing what to see.
This guide will walk you through 10 common mistakes tourists make in Oaxaca and how to avoid them so you can enjoy your trip fully, respectfully, and without unnecessary stress. Because Oaxaca isn’t just a destination; it’s an experience best approached with curiosity and cultural humility.
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Quick & Easy Tips
Carry cash (pesos). Many markets and restaurants don’t accept cards, and ATMs can be unreliable or empty during festivals.
Dress modestly when visiting Indigenous villages out of respect for local traditions and customs.
Don’t drink mezcal like tequila shots. Sip it slowly to appreciate the flavor and cultural ritual behind it.
One controversial topic is the rise of tourism-driven gentrification in Oaxaca City and surrounding pueblos. While travelers praise affordable prices, locals argue that increasing expat migration and short-term rentals drive up rents and displace long-term residents. Supporting local businesses rather than international chains is one way to reduce this negative impact.
Another heated discussion revolves around cultural appropriation. Oaxaca’s Indigenous communities are known for their intricate textiles, embroidery, and crafts. However, buying mass-produced “knockoff” versions from large city shops rather than directly from artisans in villages undermines traditional livelihoods. Critics argue that treating Indigenous crafts purely as Instagram props rather than cultural art forms disrespects centuries of heritage.
Finally, there’s the issue of voluntourism and superficial impact tourism. Many travelers visit for a week and join charity projects or take photos with Indigenous children to share online. Locals and anthropologists argue that these experiences often center the traveler’s ego rather than genuinely benefiting the community, perpetuating inequality rather than addressing root issues.
Mistakes to Avoid in Oaxaca
1. Only Staying in the City Center
Mistake: Spending all your time in Oaxaca’s city center and missing out on the beautiful surrounding areas.
How to Avoid:
Take Day Trips to Nearby Villages: Oaxaca is surrounded by picturesque villages, each known for its unique crafts and traditions. Visit Teotitlán del Valle for handwoven rugs, San Bartolo Coyotepec for black pottery, or Santa María Atzompa for green-glazed ceramics.
Explore Hierve el Agua: These natural rock formations and petrified waterfalls, located about 1.5 hours from Oaxaca, are a must-see. You can swim in the mineral pools and enjoy stunning views of the mountains.
Visit Monte Albán: Just a short drive from the city, Monte Albán is a spectacular pre-Columbian archaeological site with panoramic views of the valley.
Tip: Consider renting a car or joining a guided tour to explore the surrounding areas at your own pace.
2. Missing Out on the Local Cuisine Beyond Mole
Mistake: Only trying mole and not exploring the full range of Oaxaca’s world-famous cuisine.
How to Avoid:
Sample Other Oaxacan Dishes: While mole is a staple, don’t miss out on:
Tlayudas: A giant, crispy tortilla topped with beans, cheese, avocado, and meat.
Chapulines: Crunchy, toasted grasshoppers seasoned with chili and lime, often eaten as a snack or taco filling.
Tetelas: Triangular-shaped tortillas stuffed with beans and cheese.
Memelas: Thick, round tortillas topped with refried beans, cheese, and salsa.
Visit Local Markets: The Mercado 20 de Noviembre is a foodie’s paradise, where you can try a variety of local specialties.
Try Oaxacan Hot Chocolate: Made with a blend of cocoa, cinnamon, and almonds, it’s a must-try.
Tip: Take a food tour to experience a variety of Oaxacan flavors and learn about the history behind each dish.
3. Overlooking the Mezcal Culture
Mistake: Sticking to tequila or skipping mezcal entirely, and missing out on Oaxaca’s famous spirit.
How to Avoid:
Visit a Mezcalería: Stop by one of Oaxaca’s many mezcalerías to sample different varieties. Each mezcal has its own unique flavor depending on the agave type and production method. Popular spots include Mezcaloteca, Los Amantes, and In Situ.
Take a Mezcal Distillery Tour: Head out to the countryside and visit local mezcal producers to see the traditional production process and taste mezcal straight from the source.
Learn How to Sip Mezcal Properly: Unlike tequila shots, mezcal is meant to be sipped slowly to appreciate its complex flavors.
Tip: Try pairing your mezcal with orange slices sprinkled with sal de gusano (worm salt) for an authentic tasting experience.
4. Visiting Only During the Day and Missing Out on Nightlife
Mistake: Assuming Oaxaca is just a daytime destination and missing the vibrant nightlife and evening activities.
How to Avoid:
Experience the City’s Night Markets and Food Stalls: After dark, Oaxaca’s zócalo and surrounding streets come alive with food stalls selling tacos, tlayudas, and other street foods.
Enjoy Live Music: Visit the Zócalo Square or the Andador de Macedonio Alcalá for live performances, traditional music, and impromptu street dances.
Visit a Mezcalería at Night: Mezcal bars are a big part of Oaxaca’s nightlife. Check out spots like La Mezcalería for music and a relaxed vibe.
Tip: Explore the zócalo in the evening for a true taste of Oaxacan nightlife, with street performers, vendors, and locals gathering for a relaxed night out.
5. Expecting the Same Climate Year-Round
Mistake: Not checking the weather and packing incorrectly for your visit.
How to Avoid:
Know the Seasons: Oaxaca has distinct rainy and dry seasons. The dry season (October to April) is ideal for travel, while the rainy season (May to September) can bring heavy afternoon showers.
Pack Layers: Even in the dry season, nights can be surprisingly cool, especially in the mountains. Bring a light sweater or jacket for the evenings.
Prepare for Heat: If visiting in the hotter months (March-May), pack breathable clothing, sunscreen, and a hat to protect yourself from the sun.
Tip: If visiting during the rainy season, plan outdoor activities for the morning and pack a rain jacket for sudden showers.
6. Staying in the Touristy Areas and Missing the Authentic Markets
Mistake: Only visiting the main tourist markets like Mercado Benito Juárez and missing out on authentic local markets.
How to Avoid:
Visit Traditional Markets: Explore the Tlacolula Market (open on Sundays) for a truly local experience.
It’s one of the oldest markets in the region, with everything from fresh produce to handmade crafts.
Check Out the Etla Market: Held on Wednesdays, this market is famous for its fresh cheese (quesillo) and produce.
Don’t Miss Mercado de Abastos: This sprawling market is a chaotic but fascinating place to see Oaxacan life in action. Be mindful of your belongings, as it can get crowded.
Tip: Go early in the morning when the markets are at their liveliest and the produce is at its freshest.
7. Not Timing Your Visit with Local Festivals
Mistake: Missing out on Oaxaca’s famous festivals by not checking the event calendar beforehand.
How to Avoid:
Visit During Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead): This is one of the most celebrated festivals in Oaxaca, with elaborate altars, street parades, and cemetery vigils. It takes place from October 31st to November 2nd.
Experience Guelaguetza Festival: Held in July, this indigenous cultural event features traditional dances, music, and costumes from the different regions of Oaxaca.
Check for Other Festivals: Oaxaca is known for its vibrant festivals year-round, including Semana Santa (Holy Week), Noche de Rábanos (Night of the Radishes), and the many food and mezcal festivals.
Tip: Plan your trip around one of these festivals to see Oaxaca at its liveliest and most colorful.
8. Neglecting the Safety and Health Basics
Mistake: Not taking basic precautions for safety and health, leading to avoidable issues.
How to Avoid:
Be Cautious with Street Food: While Oaxacan street food is delicious, stick to stalls that have a high turnover of customers and freshly prepared food. Avoid raw fruits and vegetables unless they’re peeled.
Stay Hydrated and Use Sunscreen: The high altitude and sunny weather can lead to dehydration and sunburn. Drink plenty of water and use sunscreen.
Be Mindful in Crowded Markets: Keep your belongings secure in busy areas like markets and bus terminals.
Tip: Carry a small pack of tissues or hand sanitizer, as some public restrooms may not have these available.
9. Not Taking a Cooking Class
Mistake: Missing out on the chance to learn how to cook authentic Oaxacan dishes.
How to Avoid:
Book a Cooking Class: Oaxaca is a gastronomic hub, and taking a cooking class is one of the best ways to immerse yourself in the local food culture. Many classes start with a market visit to select fresh ingredients.
Try a Mole Class: Mole is a complex dish with numerous ingredients, and learning how to make it is a memorable experience. Recommended classes include Casa Crespo and Señorita Oaxaca.
Make Your Own Tlayudas: Learn how to make this classic Oaxacan dish from scratch.
Tip: Book your class in advance, especially during peak seasons, as spots can fill up quickly.
10. Not Knowing Basic Spanish
Mistake: Assuming English is widely spoken, which can lead to communication barriers in many areas.
How to Avoid:
Learn Basic Spanish Phrases: While many people in the tourism industry speak some English, knowing basic Spanish will help you connect with locals and navigate everyday situations. Learn phrases like:
Hello: “Hola”
Please: “Por favor”
Thank you: “Gracias”
How much does this cost?: “¿Cuánto cuesta esto?”
Where is…?: “¿Dónde está…?”
Use a Translation App: Google Translate can help bridge language gaps when you’re struggling to communicate.
Tip: Locals appreciate any effort to speak Spanish, so don’t be afraid to try — a little goes a long way!
Final Thoughts
Oaxaca is a place that will stay with you long after you leave. Its flavors, people, colors, and landscapes weave a tapestry of experiences unlike anywhere else in Mexico. But to truly appreciate it, you must approach with openness, respect, and a willingness to learn and adapt rather than imposing your own expectations on the place.
Avoiding common mistakes isn’t just about preventing embarrassment or inconvenience; it’s about ensuring your travel contributes positively to the communities you visit. Be mindful of where you spend your money, how you engage with locals, and what impact your presence has—no matter how temporary it may seem.
At the end of the day, Oaxaca rewards travelers who come with humility and curiosity. By learning from these tips and understanding deeper cultural contexts, your trip won’t just be another destination checked off your list—it will become a meaningful journey that shapes your worldview for years to come.
About the Author: Ruben, co-founder of Gamintraveler.com since 2014, is a seasoned traveler from Spain who has explored over 100 countries since 2009. Known for his extensive travel adventures across South America, Europe, the US, Australia, New Zealand, Asia, and Africa, Ruben combines his passion for adventurous yet sustainable living with his love for cycling, highlighted by his remarkable 5-month bicycle journey from Spain to Norway. He currently resides in Spain, where he continues sharing his travel experiences with his partner, Rachel, and their son, Han.